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目的:了解住院中青年2型糖尿病患者自我管理现状,并探讨教育方法及策略。方法:采用问卷形式对128例住院中青年2型糖尿病患者的自我管理现状进行调查分析。结果:53.1%住院中青年2型糖尿病对糖尿病不太了解或完全不了解,发病后几乎未再来院复诊的患者占42.2%;46.4%患者不太知道需要定期做哪些检查,12.5%的患者从不知道需要定期检查;最近1次糖化血红蛋白10%以上的占20.7%,39.3%患者不清楚自己的糖化血红蛋白值;表示生活基本不规律者或极不规律者分别占53.9%、16.4%;认为当前所处的工作压力太大、不能承受者占24.2%。结论:住院中青年2型糖尿病患者对疾病的认知及自我管理状况不容乐观。提高患者对疾病的认知是目前开展住院中青年2型糖尿病患者教育的当务之急,改变患者不良的生活方式是自我管理的重要内容,指导患者压力的正确应对方式至关重要,教育中还应注重改变患者对待疾病及自我管理的信念和态度,利用教育前评估制定个体化的教育策略同时结合多种教育形式是提高住院中青年2型糖尿病患者自我管理能力的有效途径。
Objective: To understand the status of self-management of middle-aged and adolescent patients with type 2 diabetes and to discuss the methods and strategies of education. Methods: A questionnaire was used to investigate the self-management status of 128 inpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Results: 53.1% of adolescent patients with type 2 diabetes in hospital did not know much about or completely did not understand diabetes, and 42.2% of them did not come back to hospital after the onset of disease. 46.4% of the patients did not know what checkup was required regularly and 12.5% Do not know the need for regular examination; the most recent 1 glycosylated hemoglobin accounted for more than 10% of the 20.7%, 39.3% of patients do not know their own value of HbA1c; said the basic irregular life or very irregular who accounted for 53.9%, 16.4%; that The current work pressure is too large, can not afford 24.2%. Conclusion: Inpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are not optimistic about disease cognition and self-management. To improve patients’ cognition of disease is the most urgent task to educate patients with type 2 diabetes in adolescents in hospital. To change the bad life style of patients is an important part of self-management. It is very important to guide the correct coping style of patient’s stress, and should pay attention to education Changing patients’ beliefs and attitudes toward disease and self-management, developing individualized education strategies using pre-education assessments and combining multiple forms of education are effective ways to improve the self-management ability of adolescents with type 2 diabetes in admissions.