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目的评估对农村居民开展艾滋病防治知识入户宣传的效果,为更广泛地开展入户宣传提供依据。方法采用统一的宣传核心内容、入户宣传技术,由预防保健医生(防保医生)、乡村医生等入户开展面对面宣传,并发放宣传材料等。在干预前、后对农村居民进行抽样调查。结果累计接受入户宣传的农村居民1 124 403户、3691 360人。入户宣传后,农村居民的艾滋病防治知识知晓率由宣传前的46.11%提高到61.80%。对“输入带有艾滋病病毒的血液/制品可传播HIV”的答对率最高,对“蚊虫叮咬不传播HIV”的答对率最低,但宣传后提高明显;民族地区、农业县的农村居民艾滋病知识知晓率较低,但提高明显;城区/郊区地区宣传前知晓率就较高,宣传后提高不明显。农村居民对HIV感染者/病人的非歧视比例由24.7%提高为31.3%,民族地区和农业县非歧视比例提高明显,而城区/郊区提高不明显。结论大规模实施农村居民艾滋病防治知识宣传效果明显,但仍需进一步加强。
Objectives To assess the effect of providing home-based publicity on AIDS prevention and control among rural residents and provide a basis for carrying out more publicity campaigns at home. Methods Adopting a unified propaganda core content and home promotion technology, face-to-face advocacy was conducted by preventive health care practitioners (doctors) and village doctors, and publicity materials were distributed. Before and after the intervention, rural residents were sampled. As a result, a total of 1,124,403 rural residents and 3,691,360 rural residents received publicity. After publicity, the awareness rate of AIDS prevention and treatment among rural residents increased from 46.11% before the promotion to 61.80%. The highest response rate to “Entering HIV / AIDS with HIV / AIDS” and the lowest response rate to “Mosquito bites and HIV / AIDS transmission” were not obvious, but the HIV / AIDS response rate had been significantly improved. In ethnic areas, rural areas in agricultural counties Residents of AIDS awareness is low, but increased significantly; urban / suburban areas before the awareness of awareness is higher, after the promotion is not obvious. The proportion of non-discrimination against HIV-infected persons / patients among rural residents increased from 24.7% to 31.3%. The proportion of non-discrimination in ethnic minority and agricultural counties increased significantly, while the increase in urban / rural areas was not obvious. Conclusion Large-scale implementation of AIDS prevention and treatment of rural residents propaganda effect is obvious, but still need to be further strengthened.