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脱氨神经氨酸(2-keto-3-deoxy-D-glycero-D-galacto-nononic acid,KDN)是唾液酸家族中的三种核心成员之一。KDN单体主要由甘露糖作为前体糖合成得到,KDN大量存在于低等脊椎动物和细菌中,而在哺乳动物中的表达量却很低。近期,有研究报道,KDN在人类肿瘤中高表达,并且会随着肿瘤恶性程度的增高呈正相关增长,因此,推测KDN可能是某些肿瘤的肿瘤标示物。本文介绍了KDN的结构及其生物合成,重点综述了KDN在生物体内及肿瘤中的表达等研究现状,为以后深入研究KDN奠定了良好的基础。
2-keto-3-deoxy-D-glycero-D-galacto-nonnic acid (KDN) is one of the three core members of the sialic acid family. KDN monomers are mainly synthesized from mannose as a precursor sugar. KDN is abundant in lower vertebrates and bacteria, but low in mammals. Recently, it has been reported that KDN is overexpressed in human tumors and positively correlated with tumor malignancy. Therefore, it is speculated that KDN may be a tumor marker for some tumors. In this paper, the structure and biosynthesis of KDN are introduced. The current status of KDN expression in vivo and in tumor is mainly reviewed, which lays a good foundation for further study of KDN in the future.