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土壤微生物在极端干旱区土壤发育过程中至关重要。结合传统培养、PLFA和PCR-DGGE 3种方法,研究了塔里木沙漠公路防护林不同立地条件下土壤微生物数量、脂肪酸种类和DNA片段多样性。结果表明,不同立地条件下土壤微生物数量明显不同,脂肪酸种类和DNA片段多样性指数亦有显著差异(F84%),放线菌次之,真菌很少(<0.05%);0～35cm采样范围内,土壤微生物多样性垂直差异不明显;相关分析表明,土壤微生物多样性指数高时林木生长也较好。说明塔里木沙漠公路防护林建设后土壤生物活性明显增强,但在防护林生态工程的营造、恢复与重建实践中需考虑地形地貌因素,以充分发挥防护林防风固沙效益,有效促进流沙地土壤的发育。
Soil microorganisms are crucial in soil development in extremely arid regions. Based on the three methods of traditional culture, PLFA and PCR-DGGE, the number of soil microbes, the type of fatty acids and the diversity of DNA fragments under different habitats of Tarim Desert Highway Shelterbelt were studied. The results showed that the number of soil microbes was significantly different under different site conditions, and the fatty acid species and DNA fragment diversity index were also significantly different (F 84%), followed by actinomycetes and few fungi (<0.05%). In the sampling range of 0 ~ 35cm, the diversity of soil microbial diversity was vertical The difference was not significant. Correlation analysis showed that the tree growth was also better when the soil microbial diversity index was higher. The results showed that soil biological activity of Tarim Desert Highway shelterbelt significantly increased after the construction of Tarim Desert Highway shelterbelt. However, the terrain and physiognomy should be considered in the construction, restoration and reconstruction of shelterbelt ecological project in order to give full play to the windbreak and sand fixation benefits of the shelterbelt and to effectively promote the development of soil in runoff sands.