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目的 探讨中国青年脑卒中患者的危险因素。方法 从全国 1 8个省、市 36家医院共收集脑卒中病例 64 558例作为病例组 ,其中 1 8～ 45岁脑卒中患者共 6 30 5例 ,抽取 2 359例进行了脑卒中危险因素调查和特征分析 ;对 35～ 45岁的 1 988例有关危险因素水平与对照组即相同年龄正常人群脑卒中的有关危险因素水平进行比较。结果 纳入研究对象的脑卒中患者平均年龄为 (39.5± 5 .4)岁 ,缺血性卒中占 63 .6 % ,男性占 72 .7% ;病例组的各项主要危险因素均高于对照组。特别是高血压病史、吸烟和饮酒 (P <0 .0 0 1 ) ;病例组病死率为 2 .5 % ,死亡原因主要为脑疝和中枢性的呼吸循环衰竭。结论 国内≤ 45岁的脑卒中占全部脑卒中 9.77% ,以缺血性脑卒中为主 ,男性居多。青年脑卒中病死率较低 ,死亡原因主要为脑疝中枢性的呼吸循环衰竭。病例组脑卒中危险因素均明显高于对照组。危险因素依次排列为高血压病史、吸烟、饮酒、脑卒中病史、心脏病史、糖尿病史、高脂血症病史。
Objective To explore the risk factors of stroke in young people in China. Methods A total of 64 558 stroke cases were collected from 36 hospitals in 18 provinces and cities nationwide. Among them, 6 30 5 stroke patients aged 18-45 years were collected, and 2 359 cases were collected for risk factors of stroke And characteristic analysis; the level of risk factors of 1 988 cases between 35-45 years old and the control group, that is, the stroke of the same age normal population were compared. Results The average age of the stroke patients included in the study was (39.5 ± 5.4) years old, 63.6% of ischemic stroke and 72.7% of men. The major risk factors in case group were higher than those in control group . Especially the history of hypertension, smoking and drinking (P <0.01). The case fatality rate was 2.5%. The main causes of death were hernia and central respiratory failure. Conclusion Stroke ≤ 45 years old in China accounted for 9.77% of all strokes, mainly ischemic stroke, mostly male. Youth stroke mortality is low, the main cause of death for hernia central respiratory failure. The risk factors of stroke in the case group were significantly higher than those in the control group. Risk factors followed by the history of hypertension, smoking, alcohol, stroke history, history of heart disease, history of diabetes, history of hyperlipidemia.