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背景当今影响儿童身心的主要疾病是慢性病和致残病,而慢性病和致伤残病与心理状况之间的相互关系也越来越受到重视。目的探讨慢性病对患儿个性心理特征的影响。设计以诊断为依据的病例对照研究。地点和对象以湛江市广东医学院附属医院儿科收治的64例7～14岁慢性病患儿作为病例组,湛江市第十四小学一年级至五年级的正常儿童作为对照组。方法采用龚耀先1992年修订的儿童艾森克个性问卷(Eysenckper-sonalityquestionaire,EPQ)量表,对两组儿童分别进行测试并进行两者之间比较,分析指标包括4个维度分别是精神质量表、情绪稳定性量表、内外向性量表和掩饰性量表,判断标准T值高分值为≥61.5,低分值为≤38.5。主要观察指标两组EPQ调查4个维度得分及其分布情况。结果①病例组患儿神经质分明显高于对照组儿童(t=2.305,P<0.05),并且高分值者占14%(9/64)高于对照组[6%(5/91)]。②病例组患儿内外向性分明显低于对照组儿童(t=2.699,P<0.01),并且低分值者有30%(19/64)明显高于对照组11%(10/91)。结论①慢性病对儿童个性心理特征是一个不利的消极因素。②慢性病患儿在人格特质方面以精神质和内向更为突出。
Background The main diseases affecting children’s physical and mental status today are chronic diseases and disabling diseases, and the interrelations between chronic diseases and disabled diseases and psychological conditions are also getting more and more attention. Objective To explore the impact of chronic diseases on personality traits in children. Case-control studies based on diagnosis were designed. Location and Subjects 64 cases of children aged 7-14 years with chronic diseases admitted to the Children’s Hospital of Guangdong Medical College of Zhanjiang City were selected as the case group and normal children from the first grade to the fifth grade of the fourteenth grade of Zhanjiang were used as the control group. Methods The Eysenckper-sonality questionnaire (EPQ) scale was used to measure the differences between the two groups of children in 1992 and 2004 respectively. The indexes included four dimensions, namely, mental quality scale, Emotional stability scale, introversion scale and disguise scale, judging criterion T value high score is≥61.5, low score≤38.5. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Score and distribution of 4 dimensions in two groups of EPQ survey. Results ① The neurotic score of children in the case group was significantly higher than that of the control group (t = 2.305, P <0.05), and the scores of high scores were 14% (9/64) higher than that of the control group [6% (5/91)] . (2) The scores of extroversion in case group were significantly lower than those in control group (t = 2.699, P <0.01), and 30% (19/64) in low score group was significantly higher than that in control group (11/91) . Conclusion ① Chronic diseases have an adverse negative effect on children’s psychological characteristics. ② children with chronic diseases in personality traits in terms of more spiritual and introverted.