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GATT第20条(g)款作为关注环境保护的一般例外条款,常常被涉及环境与贸易的争端所引用。从金枪鱼案到汽油规划案再到海虾海龟案,专家组和上诉机构的报告中对该条的援引和适用一直是学界关注的重点。本文结合WTO代表性案例,从适用逻辑、满足(g)款的三个条件、满足前言的条件这三个方面对GATT第20条(g)款的实践进行分析,认为WTO多边贸易体制已经从“侧重贸易优先”向“兼顾环境保护”的方向转变。
Article 20 (g) of the GATT, as a general exception that focuses on environmental protection, is often cited in disputes relating to the environment and trade. The reference to and application of this article from the tuna case to the petrol plan to the shrimp turtle case, the panel and the appellate body has been the focus of the academic community. Based on the case of WTO, this article analyzes the practice of article 20 (g) of the GATT from the three aspects of the logic of application, the fulfillment of the three conditions of paragraph (g) and the fulfillment of the preconditions, and holds that the multilateral trade system of WTO “Emphasis on trade priority ” to “take into account environmental protection ” direction change.