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目的：对350例新生儿高胆红素血症患儿进行新生儿胆红素脑病的患病情况及相关危险因素进行分析。方法选取2013年1月～2014年1月我院新生儿科收治的350例新生儿高胆红素血症患儿，采用单因素卡方检验和多因素非条件Logistic回归模式分析，探讨新生儿胆红素脑病发病的相关危险因素。结论已确定的可以引起新生儿胆红素脑病发病的因素包括感染、溶血病等，但仍有许多相关因素处于研究阶段，譬如胎龄、出生体重、相关围生期因素、低蛋白血症、酸中毒、低糖血症、以及干预时间等，对新生儿胆红素脑病的预防和治疗提供参考依据，同时为降低新生儿胆红素脑病死亡和后遗症发生提供帮助。“,”Objective In 350 cases of children with neonatal bilirubin concentration for neonatal bilirubin encephalopathy in the prevalence and associated risk analysis.Methods:Select from January 2013 to January 2014 in our new pediatric treated 350 cases of newborn children with high blood bilirubin, adopt single factor chi-square test and the multi-factor unconditioned Logistic regression model analysis, to explore the pathogenesis of neonatal bilirubin encephalopathy associated risk factors. Conclusion:Identified can cause neonatal bilirubin encephalopathy incidence factors include infection, hemolysis disease, but there are stil many relevant factors in the research stage, for example, gestational age, birth weight and related factors in the perinatal period, hypoalbuminemia, acidosis, low sugar hematic disease, as wel as intervention time and so on, to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of neonatal bilirubin encephalopathy, at the same time reduce the neonatal bilirubin encephalopathy death and sequela happened to offer help.