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目的分析初中女生超重肥胖与初潮年龄之间的关系,为制定初潮年龄提前的干预措施提供依据。方法整群抽取绍兴市2所初中1 505名女生进行体格检查和月经初潮情况问卷调查,采用χ~2检验、t检验、多因素Logistic回归模型等分析超重肥胖与初潮年龄提前之间的关联性。结果初中女生月经来潮检出率为86.6%(1 303/1 505),初潮平均年龄为(12.36±0.92)岁。消瘦、正常、超重、肥胖者月经来潮检出率分别为65.0%,88.2%,96.7%,100.0%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=61.18,P<0.01),其初潮平均年龄分别为(12.93±0.85)(12.34±0.91)(12.15±0.91)(11.81±0.85)岁,差异有统计学意义(F=19.41,P<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,超重、肥胖是初潮年龄提前的危险因素(OR值分别为1.79,2.27,P值均<0.05),而消瘦则是保护因素(OR=0.23,P<0.05)。结论初中女生月经初潮年龄与身体脂肪含量密切相关,应加强对青春期女生超重肥胖的干预力度。
Objective To analyze the relationship between overweight and obesity in junior middle school girls and the age of menarche, and to provide basis for making early interventional measures for menarche age. Methods A total of 1,505 female students from 2 junior middle schools in Shaoxing City were enrolled in this study. The relationship between overweight and obesity and early menarche age was analyzed by χ ~ 2 test, t-test and multivariate logistic regression analysis . Results The detection rate of menstrual cramps in junior girls was 86.6% (1 303/1 505) and the average age of menarche was (12.36 ± 0.92) years old. The detection rates of menstrual cramps in weight-loss, normal, overweight and obese patients were 65.0%, 88.2%, 96.7% and 100.0% respectively (χ ~ 2 = 61.18, P <0.01) (12.93 ± 0.85) (12.34 ± 0.91) (12.15 ± 0.91) (11.81 ± 0.85) years old, the difference was statistically significant (F = 19.41, P <0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that overweight and obesity were risk factors for early menarche (OR = 1.79, 2.27, P <0.05 respectively), while weight loss was protective factor (OR = 0.23, P <0.05). Conclusions The age of menarche in junior middle school girls is closely related to body fat content, and the intervention of overweight and obesity among adolescent girls should be strengthened.