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目的提高普外科医护人员对损伤性医疗废物的管理,减少职业暴露的危险性。方法对普外科全科护士进行问卷调查,针对薄弱项目进行培训、整改后,进行考核并总结。结果普外科护士对损伤性废物的定义、种类、处置流程、高危操作种类的知晓率分别只有37.5%、50.0%、71.8%、43.8%,操作时锐器盒的携带率只有56.2%;通过培训后,以上项目的知晓率分别提高为87.5%、93.8%、100.0%、90.6%,高危操作锐器盒携带率为100.0%;普外科护士的损伤性废物月损伤率从14.91%降至4.28%。结论普外科通过对科内人员的医院感染知识培训、锐器盒放置改进、规范操作行为、严格考核等方法有效地减少了损伤性医疗废物对医护人员的伤害,减少了职业暴露的危险性。
Objective To improve the management of invasive medical waste by general surgical staff and reduce the risk of occupational exposure. Methods The general nurses in general surgery were investigated by questionnaire, and the weak items were trained and rectified. The assessment and conclusion were made. Results The general nurses’ awareness of the definition, type, disposal process and high-risk operation types of injury was only 37.5%, 50.0%, 71.8% and 43.8%, respectively, while that of sharps containers was only 56.2% , The awareness rate of the above items were increased to 87.5%, 93.8%, 100.0% and 90.6%, respectively. The carrying rate of high-risk operation sharps box was 100.0%. The monthly damage rate of general anesthesia nurses from 14.91% to 4.28% . Conclusions General surgery can effectively reduce the injury to medical staff and reduce the risk of occupational exposure through knowledge training of hospital infection, improvement of sharps box placement, standardized operation behavior and rigorous examination.