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目的监测伊宁市适龄儿童百日咳、破伤风、甲肝免疫成功水平,评估接种疫苗对人群的保护效果,分析不同年龄百白破和甲肝疫苗接种前后抗体水平的变化趋势。方法依据自治区《疫苗可预防疾病免疫成功率检测及人群免疫水平检测工作方案》有关的要求,采用分层多级抽样的方法,在伊宁市19各乡(镇)场、街道,各抽38名百白破和甲肝疫苗适龄儿童,采集疫苗接种前1周内和接种满1个月后的血标本,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA),分别进行百日咳、破伤风、甲肝免前和免后Ig G抗体水平测定。结果百日咳免前抗体阳性率为5.26%,免后抗体阳性率为21.22%,比免前提升了15.96%;破伤风免前抗体阳性率为0.00%,免后抗体阳性率为97.88%,比免前提升了97.88%;甲肝免前抗体阳性率为0.00%,免后抗体阳性率为78.95%比免前提升了78.95%,两种疫苗接种前后抗体水平均存在显著差异(P<0.05)。结论伊宁市破伤风和甲肝疫苗成功率较高,百日咳免疫成功率低,提示提高百白破疫苗加强免疫和白破疫苗的接种率。
Objective To monitor the success rate of pertussis, tetanus and hepatitis A in children of school-age children in Yining city and evaluate the protective effects of vaccination on the population. The changes of antibody levels before and after the treatment of baibai broken and hepatitis A vaccine of different ages were analyzed. Methods According to the requirements of the “Measures for the success rate of vaccination-preventable disease immunization and the work program of detecting population immunity level” in the autonomous region, stratified multistage sampling method was used in the field of township (town), street, One hundred children were treated with Baibaihe and Hepatitis A vaccine. Blood samples were collected within 1 week before vaccination and 1 month after inoculation. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed on pertussis, tetanus, Post-IgG antibody levels were determined. Results The positive rate of preimmune antibody of pertussis was 5.26%, the positive rate of free antibody was 21.22%, which was 15.96% higher than that before immunization. The positive rate of preimmobilized tetanus was 0.00% and the positive rate of free antibody was 97.88% (97.88%). The positive rate of Pre-antiviral antibody against hepatitis A was 0.00%, the positive rate of post-immunization was 78.95%, 78.95% higher than that before pre-vaccination. There were significant differences in antibody levels before and after vaccination (P <0.05). Conclusion The success rate of tetanus and hepatitis A vaccine in Yining City is high, and the success rate of pertussis immunization is low, which suggests that the immunization rate of Baidi broken vaccine and the vaccination rate of Baibu vaccine increase.