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目的观察中国儿童骨发育的长期趋势,为合理应用我国不同时期的骨发育标准提供参考。方法以1988年、2005年骨发育调查样本为对象。以概率单位回归方法计算各样本儿童的手腕骨化中心出现年龄和融合年龄。以CHN法评价2005年样本儿童各年龄组的骨龄,并与生活年龄比较。结果与1964年的儿童相比,1988年儿童手腕骨化中心出现年龄和融合年龄均提前;而与1988年样本比较,2005年男女儿童掌指骨骨化中心出现年龄均提前0.5岁~1.0岁,掌指骨的骺干融合年龄分别提前1.0岁和1.0~1.5岁;2005年不同年龄组男女儿童的CHN骨龄分别提前0.3岁~1.1岁和0.2岁~1.0岁。结论近40年来,中国儿童骨发育表现出加速的长期趋势,应当慎用1964年和1988年骨龄标准评价当代中国儿童的骨发育状况。
Objective To observe the long-term trend of bone development in children in China and provide reference for the rational application of bone development standards in different periods in China. Methods The samples of bone development in 1988 and 2005 were collected. The occurrence age and fusion age of wrist ossification center in each sample of children were calculated by the method of probability unit regression. The CHN method was used to evaluate the skeletal age of all age groups of 2005 sample children and to compare with the living age. Results Compared with the children in 1964, the appearance age and fusion age of the children wrist ossification center were all earlier than those in 1964. Compared with the sample of 1988, the ages of the metacarpophalangeal ossification center of boys and girls in 2005 were 0.5 to 1.0 years earlier, The metacarpophalangeal stem fusion ages of the phalanges were 1.0 and 1.0 to 1.5 years earlier respectively. In 2005, CHN bone ages of boys and girls of different age groups were 0.3 to 1.1 years and 0.2 to 1.0 years respectively. Conclusion In recent 40 years, Chinese children have shown a long-term trend of accelerated bone development. The bone development status of contemporary Chinese children should be evaluated with the 1964 and 1988 bone age criteria.