消费效益的涵义指什么?研究消费效益有什么意义?衡量消费效益的标准和指标有哪些?怎样提高消费效益?这些是本文着重探讨的问题。 一、消费效益的涵义以及研究消费效益的重大意义 消费也是生产。马克思指出:“消费直接也是生产,正如自然界中的元素和化学物质的消费是植物的生产一样。例如,吃喝是消费形式之一,人吃喝就生产自己的身体,这是明显的事。”在消费这个第二种生产中,与第一种生产即物质资料的生产一样,也需要“投入”,即消耗一定的消费资料和劳务;也有“产出”,即人们体力、智力的恢复和发展,人本身的 What is the meaning of consumer benefits? What is the significance of research on consumer benefits? What are the criteria and indicators to measure consumer benefits? How to improve consumer benefits? These are the topics discussed in this article. First, the meaning of consumer benefits and the significance of research on consumer benefits Consumption is also production. Marx pointed out that “consumption is also directly produced, just as the consumption of natural and chemical substances is the production of plants, for example, eating and drinking is one of the forms of consumption, and it is obvious that people eat and drink to produce their bodies.” In the second production of consumption, like the first production, namely the production of material data, it also needs to be “invested”, that is, consumption of certain materials and services for consumption; and “output”, that is, the recovery and development of physical strength and intelligence of people People themselves