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随着科学技术和应用需求的快速发展,对胶体颗粒形貌、尺寸和组分提出了越来越高的要求,简单组成的球形颗粒已经难以满足需求.微/纳米碗形胶体颗粒/阵列薄膜由于具有比表面积大、结构对称性下降等特点,在纳米反应器、药物运载、高灵敏度传感器、数据储存、自组装等方面有着广阔的应用前景,其研究、开发和应用已经成为微/纳米材料研究领域的热点.概述了近十年来国内外碗形胶体颗粒/碗形阵列薄膜的研究进展,按照无机和金属、聚合物两大类分别对碗形材料的各种制备方法进行了详细介绍,目前主要有单层胶体晶体模板法、碗形阵列薄膜模板法、诱导生长法、异形颗粒法、中空微球内陷法、种子聚合法、溶剂处理法等;按照材质种类,分别对TiO2,ZnO,FexOy,贵金属、聚合物等碗形颗粒/阵列薄膜的结构与性能研究进行了概述,指出了其潜在的应用领域;并进一步展望了该领域未来的发展趋势.
With the rapid development of science and technology and application requirements, the colloidal particle morphology, size and composition of the proposed higher and higher requirements, the simple composition of the spherical particles have been difficult to meet the demand.Micro / nano bowl-shaped colloidal particles / array film Due to its large specific surface area and decreased structural symmetry, it has broad application prospects in the field of nanoreactors, drug delivery, high-sensitivity sensors, data storage, self-assembly, etc. Its research, development and application have become micro / nano materials The hot spots in the field of research are summarized.The research progress of bowl-shaped colloidal particle / bowl-shaped array thin films at home and abroad in recent ten years is summarized.The methods for preparing bowl-shaped materials are introduced in detail according to two categories of inorganic and metal, At present, there are mainly single-layer colloidal crystal template method, bowl-shaped array film template method, induction growth method, shaped particles method, hollow microsphere invagination method, seed polymerization method, solvent treatment method; , FexOy, precious metals, polymers and other bowl-shaped particles / array film structure and performance of an overview of its potential applications; Further the development trend of the future in this area.