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利用X射线衍射法对不同补焊长度的304不锈钢补焊试样进行残余应力测试。使用FORTRAN语言编写双椭球移动热源子程序DFLUX,使用ABAQUS软件调用该子程序进行304不锈钢补焊试样的残余应力模拟计算。结果表明,计算结果和测试结果具有一致性。热影响区和焊缝处均存在较大的拉伸横向残余应力且呈“M”型分布,紧邻补焊起止点区域存在很大的横向应力梯度。纵向残余应力在热影响区和焊缝处分布较为均匀,在热影响区边缘处存在很大的纵向应力梯度。补焊长度对横向残余应力影响较大,随着补焊长度的增加,焊缝和热影响区的横向残余应力显著降低;补焊长度对纵向残余应力的影响相对较小。
X-ray diffraction method was used to test the residual stress of 304 stainless steel welding repair specimens with different welding lengths. Use FORTRAN language to write double ellipsoid moving heat source subroutine DFLUX, and use ABAQUS software to call this subroutine to simulate the residual stress of 304 stainless steel welding specimen. The results show that the calculation results and test results are consistent. There are large transverse tensile residual stresses in the HAZ and the weld, which are distributed in the “M” shape with a large lateral stress gradient near the starting and ending point of the weld. Longitudinal residual stress is more evenly distributed in the HAZ and the weld, and there is a large longitudinal stress gradient at the edge of the HAZ. The length of the repaired welding has a great influence on the horizontal residual stress. As the length of the repaired welding increases, the residual stress in the weld and the heat affected zone decreases significantly. The effect of the welding length on the residual stress is relatively small.