著名经济学家吴敬琏近日指出，对国企效率提高不能估计过高，如果不在制度上取得进一步的改善，一部分国企仍有“复困的危险”。他说，在国企改制公司中，制度和机制主要存在三个问题。一是“一股独大”。改制后的上市公司，国有股持股比例仍很大，处于绝对控股地位。二是国有 Well-known economist Wu Jinglian pointed out recently that the efficiency increase of state-owned enterprises can not be overestimated. If no further improvement is made in the system, some state-owned enterprises still have the “danger of re-entering the economy.” He said that there are mainly three problems in the system and mechanism of state-owned enterprise restructuring. First, “a single dominant.” After the restructuring of listed companies, the proportion of state-owned shares is still very large, in an absolute controlling position. Second, state-owned