2004年农药施用量132万吨、化肥施用量4412 万吨。土壤中农药残留量很大;化肥使用量大、施肥比例失调、利用率低,对土壤和地表水污染严重。此外,每年约有20%的农膜残留在土壤中。国家环保总局正在组织起草《土壤污染防治法》等法律,这将会对改善土壤状况起到重要作用。在《2004中国环境状况公报》中公布的国内耕地状况调查显示,中国现有耕地总体质量偏低,存在土壤养分失衡、肥效下降、环境恶化等突出问题。一是中低产田所占比重偏高,全国高产、稳产田只占 In 2004, 1.32 million tons of pesticides and 44.12 million tons of chemical fertilizers were used. Soil pesticide residues are large; large amount of chemical fertilizer, fertilizer imbalance, low utilization, serious pollution of soil and surface water. In addition, about 20% of agricultural plastic film remains in the soil each year. SEPA is organizing the drafting of “Soil Pollution Prevention Law” and other laws, which will play an important role in improving soil conditions. A survey of domestic farmland conditions published in China’s State of the Environment Bulletin 2004 shows that the overall quality of existing farmland in China is low with some prominent problems such as soil nutrient imbalance, declining fertilizer efficiency and environmental degradation. First, the proportion of low-yielding fields is high, and the country’s high-yielding and stable-yielding fields make up only