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目的了解慢性肾脏病(CKD)患者的贫血状况及其发生贫血的相关危险因素。方法收集2014年12月-2015年5月在湖北省中医院门诊、住院部以及血液净化中心透析的共211名CKD患者的临床资料及实验室检查结果,统计出不同年龄、不同分期、不同基础疾病以及透析与非透析的CKD患者贫血患病率,并对贫血发生的危险因素进行单因素、多因素分析。结果 (1)根据K/DOQI贫血的诊断标准,211例CKD患者的贫血率达67.29%。而不同年龄层中,年龄<30岁、30-50岁、50-70岁、>70岁患者贫血率分别是31.78%、61.40%、71.95%、81.63%;(2)CKD1-5期患者贫血率分别为19.23%、38.23%、48.75%、82.6%、97.7%;(3)不同肾脏基础疾病患者的贫血发生率最高是糖尿病肾病(75.34%),其次是高血压肾病(66.6%)、慢性肾小球肾炎(64.5%)和多囊肾(60.45%)(P>0.05);(4)透析组CKD患者的贫血率高达97.23%,而非透析组为55.56%(P<0.01);(5)单因素分析显示,年龄、肾功能及透析方式均与贫血率相关,多因素Log istic回归分析提示仅肾功能与贫血发生率有显著相关性(P<0.05)。结论慢性肾脏病患者贫血发病早,发生率高,并随着肾功能的进展而加重,故应重视,加强早期干防并及时治疗。
Objective To understand the anemia status and related risk factors of anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods A total of 211 CKD patients from outpatient department, inpatient department and dialysis center of Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from December 2014 to May 2015 were collected. The clinical data and laboratory findings were collected. The different ages, stages, Disease, and the prevalence of anemia in CKD patients with and without dialysis. Univariate and multivariate analyzes were performed on the risk factors for anemia. Results (1) According to the diagnostic criteria of K / DOQI anemia, 211 cases of CKD patients with anemia rate of 67.29%. In different age groups, the anemia rates were 31.78%, 61.40%, 71.95% and 81.63% in patients aged <30 years, 30-50 years, 50-70 years and> 70 years old, respectively; (2) The rates of anemia in patients with different kidney diseases were the highest (75.34%), followed by hypertensive nephropathy (66.6%), and the rates were 19.23%, 38.23%, 48.75%, 82.6% and 97.7% (64.5%) and polycystic kidney disease (60.45%) (P> 0.05). (4) The anemia rate of CKD patients in dialysis group was as high as 97.23% compared with 55.56% in non-dialysis group (P <0.01) 5) Univariate analysis showed that age, renal function and dialysis were related to anemia. Logistic regression analysis showed that renal function was significantly associated with anemia (P <0.05). Conclusion The incidence of anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease is early and the incidence is high, and aggravate with the progress of renal function. Therefore, we should pay more attention to strengthen the early prevention and treatment.