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为了研究刺萼龙葵入侵的微生物学机制,分别在2008年至2009年7月、8月在刺萼龙葵入侵严重的朝阳地区选择3个样区,即入侵区(Ⅰ)、耕作区(Ⅱ)及土著区(Ⅲ)进行选择性取土及抽样调查,对采集的75份土样经分离、纯化、鉴定的真菌分属30个属,通过对刺萼龙葵入侵区(Ⅰ)土壤真菌的培养,共分离鉴定出了约40种真菌,且分属21个属;其中在刺萼龙葵入侵区(Ⅰ)土壤真菌的各种类群中,以青霉属(Penicillium)、曲霉属(Aspergillus)、毛霉属(Mucor)、根霉属(Rhizopus)、木霉属(Trichoderma)、镰孢菌属(Fusarium)、枝顶孢属(Acremonium)种类较多,为优势类群,其分离频率分别为18.13%、15.20%、8.77%、8.77%、7.60%、5.85%、5.26%。而附球菌属(Epicoccum)、接霉属(Zygorhynchus)、节丛孢属(Arthrobotrys)、弯孢属(Cunularia)菌株数仅为1,为该区稀有类群;通过对入侵区(Ⅰ)、耕作区(Ⅱ)及土著区(Ⅲ)土壤真菌数量比较发现,入侵区(Ⅰ)土壤真菌数量是耕作区(Ⅱ)的1.6倍,而入侵区(Ⅰ)与土著区(Ⅲ)的土壤真菌数量相差不大,比例接近1;根据Jaccard相似性指数原理,入侵区(Ⅰ)、耕作区(Ⅱ)和土著区(Ⅲ)的土壤真菌群落相似性处在中等相似的水平,其土壤真菌群落相似性差异性并不显著。结果表明刺萼龙葵入侵并没有使土壤可培养真菌多样性产生明显的变化。
In order to study the microbiological mechanism of the invasion of Solanum nigrum, three samples were selected in the Chaoyang area with severe invasion of Solanum nigrum from 2008 to July and August 2009, ie invasion area (Ⅰ), tillage area ( Ⅱ) and Indigenous Zone (Ⅲ) were selected for soil sampling and sampling. 75 fungi collected from the samples were isolated, purified and identified as 30 genera. About 40 species of fungi were isolated and classified into 21 genera. Among the various species of soil fungi in Solanum lycopersicum (Ⅰ), Penicillium, Aspergillus, Mucor, Rhizopus, Trichoderma, Fusarium and Acremonium were the dominant species, which were separated The frequencies were 18.13%, 15.20%, 8.77%, 8.77%, 7.60%, 5.85% and 5.26% respectively. While Epicoccum, Zygorhynchus, Arthrobotrys and Cunularia strains were only 1, which was a rare group in this area. Through invaded area (Ⅰ), cultivation The results showed that the number of soil fungi in the invasion area (Ⅰ) was 1.6 times that of the cultivation area (Ⅱ), while the number of soil fungi in the invasion area (Ⅰ) and the indigenous area (Ⅲ) According to the Jaccard similarity index, the similarities of soil fungal community in invasive area (Ⅰ), tillage area (Ⅱ) and indigenous area (Ⅲ) were at similar levels and their soil fungal communities were similar Sexual differences are not significant. The results showed that the invasive Calyx japonica did not make the soil can be cultured fungal diversity produced significant changes.