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长非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lnc RNA)是一类大小在200bp~100kbp之间的非编码RNA(non-coding RNA,nc RNA)。Lnc RNAs参与表观遗传修饰,在基因转录及转录后水平进行调控,在头颈恶性肿瘤发生、发展过程中发挥作用,lnc RNAs或可作为肿瘤早期诊断及患者预后评估的生物标志物。本文就与头颈部恶性肿瘤有关的lnc RNAs的特征、在肿瘤中的作用及其分子机制等进行简要综述,为头颈部恶性肿瘤的基因诊断和治疗提供新的思路。
Long non-coding RNA (lnc RNA) is a type of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) between 200bp and 100kbp in size. Lnc RNAs participate in epigenetic modification, regulate gene transcription and post-transcriptional level, and play a role in the development and progression of head and neck malignant tumors. Lnc RNAs can be used as biomarkers for the early diagnosis of tumors and the prognosis of patients. In this paper, the characteristics of lnc RNAs related to head and neck malignant tumors, the role in lncRNAs and their molecular mechanisms were briefly reviewed, providing a new idea for the gene diagnosis and treatment of head and neck malignant tumors.