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水资源管理涉及多个学科 ,在这些学科中用得最多的术语之一是水的“需求”。实际上 ,水需求至少有 4种完全不同的含义 :用水、耗水、需水量以及水的经济需求。从一个地区的社会水 (hydrosocial)平衡角度对这 4个术语逐一仔细进行了定义。准确定义这 4个术语可以避免笼统地使用“需求”这个术语在水资源管理中所造成的混淆和歧义。还指出供水方把减少渗漏和蒸发而开展的工作作为水需求管理的一种形式是错误的。
Water management involves many disciplines, one of the most frequently used terms in these disciplines is the “need” of water. In fact, there are at least four completely different meanings to water demand: water use, water consumption, water demand, and the economic needs of water. These four terms are carefully defined one by one from the point of view of the hydrosocial balance of a region. Accurately defining these four terms avoids the general confusion and ambiguity created by the term “needs” in water resources management. It also pointed out that it was a mistake for water providers to make efforts to reduce leakage and evaporation as a form of water demand management.