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张謇是中国近代史上一个带有多重身份的人物,他是晚清的状元,又是杰出的资产阶级实业家、教育家,著名的资产阶级立宪派的领袖。他的思想涉及到许多方面,本文拟就他的实业思想作粗浅的探索,剖析他的实业思想的主要内容和特点,并评述其在近代中国社会发展中的价值。一、走上“弃官而营实业”的道路张謇(1853—1929年),字季直,号啬庵,江苏通州(今南通市)人。他的一生处于近代中国急剧动荡的年代,19世纪末和20世纪初中国社会的风云变幻是他实业思想形成的背景。 19世纪60年代,中国社会掀起了一股洋务思潮,洋务思想家们惊呼古今之变局,要求变法,要求借法自强。到70年代,洋务运动的经济重心转向发展民用企业,以抵制外国的经济侵略,同时求得国家的富足,从而使国家强盛起来。当时兴办了一批民用企业,而这些企业的创办促使了中国资本主义的
Zhang Huan, a man of multiple identities in modern Chinese history, a champion of the late Qing dynasty and an outstanding bourgeois industrialist and educator and leader of the famous bourgeois constitutional government. His thinking involves many aspects. This article intends to make a brief exploration of his industrial thought, analyze the main content and characteristics of his industrial thought, and comment on its value in the social development of modern China. First, embark on the “abandon the official and the business industry,” the road Zhang 謇 (1853-1929), the word straight, No. Sikan, Jiangsu Tongzhou (now Nantong) people. His life was in a period of rapid turmoil in modern China. The changing situation of Chinese society in the late 19th and early 20th centuries was the background of his industrial ideology. In the 1860s, an upsurge of Western-style ideology was set off in Chinese society. Western-style thinkers exclaimed ancient and modern changes in the situation, demanding change in law and requiring self-strengthening by lexics. By the 1970s, the economic focus of the Westernization Movement shifted its focus to the development of civilian enterprises in order to resist foreign economic aggression and at the same time seek the country’s affluence, thereby making the country powerful. At that time, a number of civil enterprises were established, and the founding of these enterprises prompted the development of China’s capitalist