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目的:对比分析口服和静脉注射咪达唑仑用于小儿术前镇静的效果。方法:择期行五官科手术的患儿261例，年龄2~10岁、ASA分级Ⅰ级。按给药方法将患儿分为口服咪达唑仑0.5 mg/kg组（口服组，143例）及静脉注射咪达唑仑0.05 mg/kg组（静脉组，118例）。分别在给药前、给药后10 min、给药后20 min进行耶鲁改良围手术期焦虑评分（modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale, mYPAS）、镇静评分（Sedation Scale, SS），记录术前访视时患儿的配合度（绿黄红标签），记录家长教育程度评分、家长自评焦虑评分、亲子分离焦虑评分（Parental Separation Anxiety Scale, PSAS）、麻醉诱导时面罩接受度评分（Mask Acceptance Score, MAS）、药物起效时间、起效表现、复苏时间、苏醒质量。比较两组上述指标差异，评价两种给药方式效果。结果:口服组患儿年龄和体重小于静脉组（n P<0.05），药物起效时间、复苏时间长于静脉组（n P<0.05），给药前mYPAS评分中活动、语言、表情、觉醒和家长互动评分高于静脉组（n P<0.05），给药后10 min mYPAS评分中活动、语言、表情评分高于静脉组（n P<0.05），给药后20 min mYPAS评分中活动、与家长互动评分高于静脉组（n P<0.05），给药前和给药后10 min SS评分低于静脉组（n P<0.05），术前绿黄红标签秩值小于静脉组（n P<0.05），苏醒质量高于静脉组（n P0.05）。n 结论:口服和静脉注射咪达唑仑均能有效缓解五官科手术患儿术前焦虑，口服咪达唑仑对于没有开放静脉、年龄更小的患儿更有优势。“,”Objective:To compare the effectiveness of oral administration and intravenous injection of midazolam for preoperative sedation in pediatric surgery.Methods:A total of 261 children, aged 2-10 years, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade Ⅰ, who were scheduled for eye, ear, nose and throat (EENT) surgery were enrolled. According to their routes of administration, they were divided into two groups: an oral administration of midazolam 0.5 mg/kg group (the oral group, n n=143) and an intravenous injection of midazolam 0.05 mg/kg group (the IV group, n n=118). Their modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (mYPAS) scores and Sedation Scale (SS) scores were evaluated before administration, and 10 min and 20 min after administration. The degree of patient compliance before preoperative visit (green, yellow and red labels) was recorded. Meanwhile, parent education background scores, parents' self-evaluation anxiety scores, the Parental Separation Anxiety Scale (PSAS) scores and the Mask Acceptance Score (MAS) as well as the time of drug onset, clinical manifestation after drug onset, recovery time and the quality of recovery were recorded. Both groups were compared for the above indicators, while the effects of the above two administration methods were evaluated.n Results:The oral group presented smaller age and less body weight than the IV group (n P<0.05). Compared with the IV group, the oral group presented remarkable increases in the time of drug onset and recovery time (n P<0.05); remarkable increases in the scores of activity, vocalization, emotional expressivity, state of arousal, and the use of parents within the mYPAS score before administration (n P<0.05); remarkable increases in the scores of activity, vocalization and emotional expressivity within the mYPAS scores 10 min after administration (n P<0.05); and remarkable increases in the scores of activity and the use of parents within the mYPAS scores 20 min after administration (n P<0.05). Furthermore, the oral group produced significantly lower SS scores before and 10 min after administration (n P<0.05), less green, yellow and red labels (n P<0.05), and higher quality of recovery than the IV group (n P0.05).n Conclusions:Oral administration and intravenous injection of midazolam can effectively relieve anxiety in children before EENT surgery. Oral administration of midazolam has more advantages for younger children without venous access.