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目的:探究创伤后血清IL-18、IL-1β变化的临床意义，并探索创伤后血清IL-18、IL-1β变化的潜在机制。方法:应用酶联免疫法检测80例创伤患者血清中IL-18、IL-1β的水平,并与健康人进行比较。进一步对80例创伤亚组患者血清中IL-18、IL-1β的水平进行比较。结果:创伤患者血清中IL-1β、IL-18表达量分别为（80±2.0） pg/mL、（27±3.0） pg/mL，明显高于健康对照组（n P<0.01）。IL-1β和IL-18于创伤后第3 d仍呈现上升趋势。创伤组组内比较，也具有统计学差异（n P<0.01）。n 结论:创伤后患者血清中IL-18、IL-1β水平升高，说明机体创伤早期外周血细胞中有NLRP3炎症小体的激活，加剧炎症反应。AIS-ISS评分与血清中IL-18、IL-1β表达水平成正相关，说明创伤越严重，炎症反应越剧烈。“,”Objective:To explore the clinical significance and underlying mechanism of changes in serum IL - 18 and IL - 1 beta after trauma.Methods:Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the levels of IL-18 and IL-1β in trauma patients and healthy controls. The differences in serum IL-18 and IL-1β levels were compared between the two groups, and the levels of IL-18 and IL-1β in the traumatic subgroups were further compared.Results:The serum levels of IL-1β and IL-18 of trauma patients were 80±2.0 pg/mL and 27±3.0 pg/mL, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in healthy controls (n P < 0.01). Serum levels of IL-1β and IL-18 showed an upward trend on the 3rd day after trauma. There were also statistically significant differences within the trauma subgroups ( n P < 0.01).n Conclusions:The serum levels of IL-18 and IL-1β of post-traumatic patients are increased, indicating that NLRP3 inflammasomes are activated in peripheral blood cells in the early stage of trauma, which aggravates the inflammatory response. The AIS-ISS score is positively correlated with the expression levels of IL-18 and IL-1β in serum, indicating that the more severe the injury, the more severe the inflammatory response.