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接种疫苗是预防疾病及控制感染最经济有效的策略。目前,大多数控制急性病毒感染的疫苗行之有效,而针对慢性病毒感染的疫苗却不尽人意。研制针对慢性病毒感染的疫苗较为复杂,需要病毒学、免疫学、生物工程学和细胞生物学等多学科研究者的共同努力。本文着重阐述抗人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)疫苗研究的不同策略,并讨论了研制HIV疫苗过程中所采取的不同方法。虽然至今尚未获得理想的疫苗,但在此方面的努力必将为开发新型疫苗提供了重要线索。
Vaccination is the most cost-effective strategy for disease prevention and infection control. Currently, most vaccines that control acute virus infections work well, whereas vaccines against chronic virus infections are less than optimal. The development of vaccines against chronic viral infections is complex and requires the joint efforts of multidisciplinary researchers such as virology, immunology, bioengineering and cell biology. This article focuses on different strategies for researching anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccines and discusses different approaches to developing HIV vaccines. Although no ideal vaccine has yet been obtained, efforts in this area will surely provide important clues for the development of new vaccines.