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利用60Co-γ射线辐照大豆科丰14种子,获得1株具有持绿特征的突变体,该突变体经多年选育,形成20个突变系。本文从生育期、生物学性状、生育后期叶片中叶绿素含量和叶片耐衰老性等方面鉴定突变系的持绿特点,为突变系的利用提供依据。结果表明,突变系具有叶片和果荚成熟前持绿时间较长、成熟子粒呈现绿种皮和绿子叶等特点;与亲本科丰14相比,20个突变系开花期有早有晚,但是成熟期均晚于科丰14;子粒灌浆期间,突变系叶片中叶绿素含量下降较慢,叶片干枯前含有较多的叶绿素,而科丰14成熟前叶绿素含量下降迅速,成熟时黄叶脱落;叶片诱导衰老试验也表明,突变系叶片的抗衰老性要大于亲本科丰14。
Fifty-four seeds of Kefengfeng were irradiated by 60Co-γ ray, and one mutant with green features was obtained. After 20 years of selection, the mutant was transformed into 20 mutant lines. In this paper, the greening characteristics of the mutant lines were identified from the aspects of the growth period, the biological characters, the chlorophyll content in leaves during the later growth period and the leaf anti-aging, which provided the basis for the utilization of the mutant lines. The results showed that the mutant line had the characteristics of longer green holding time and mature green seed coat and green cotyledons before maturation. Compared with the parent Kefeng 14, 20 mutant lines had early or late flowering, but The mature stage was later than that of Kefeng 14. During the grain filling stage, the content of chlorophyll in the leaves of the mutant lines decreased slowly, the leaves contained more chlorophyll before drying, while the content of chlorophyll in Kefeng 14 decreased rapidly and the yellow leaves fell off at maturity; Induced senescence tests also showed that the resistance of the mutant lines to anti-aging is greater than the parent Kefeng14.