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1954到1956年间,为了推动合作化的发展,中央特在全国范围内推行了被称之为“改造落后乡”运动的“土改补课”。这场规模浩大的“改造落后乡”运动以继续实现农民土地所有制的“土改补课”为起点,却最终以实践落后乡农业集体化为终点,在看似矛盾的逻辑背后,实际却又十分合理。本文通过对“改造落后乡”运动提出、开展以及转向的历史考察,展示国家贯彻合作化运动的复杂过程。
From 1954 to 1956, in order to promote the development of cooperation, the Central Special Government implemented a nationwide land replacement curriculum called “reforming backward rural areas.” Starting from the “land reclamation” that continues to realize peasants’ land ownership, this massive “transformation behind the land” movement ends up as the culmination of the agricultural collectivization of backward villages. After the seemingly contradictory logic behind the actual But very reasonable. Through the historical investigation of the “reforming backward rural areas” campaign, this paper shows the complicated process that the state implements the cooperative movement.