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小麦的产量构成因子包括有效穗、千粒重、穗粒数,三者的相对重要性是学者们探讨的热点问题。利用2008～2009年与2009～2010年的小麦区试结果,采用成组数据均值差异性分析法、相关分析法和灰色关联度分析法3种方法对产量构成要素进行初步分析。结果表明,有效穗与实际产量呈极显著正相关,是影响实际产量的最重要因素,其微小的变化可引起实际产量的显著提高。但从高产育种角度看,应在优先考虑有效穗增加的基础上,兼顾千粒重和穗粒数的提高。
Yield components of wheat, including effective panicle, 1000-grain weight, grain number per spike, the relative importance of the three scholars are discussing the hot issues. Based on the regional test results of wheat from 2008 to 2009 and from 2009 to 2010, the yield components of the wheat were analyzed by three methods, ie, the means of group data mean difference analysis, correlation analysis and gray relational analysis. The results showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the effective spike and the actual yield, which was the most important factor affecting the actual yield. The slight change could lead to the significant increase of the actual yield. However, from the perspective of high-yielding breeding, priority should be given to the increase of effective spike, taking into account the increase of 1000-grain weight and grains per spike.