经济公平与效率既是经济学问题 ,又是经济伦理的一对重要范畴。经济公平与效率的正确关系在于确立一个尺度或一个道德参数 ,确保在有效率的经济运行中实施公平。效率促进社会生产力发展 ,是经济公平的物质基础 ,社会主义市场经济条件下依然要坚持效率优先 ,公平优先则会陷入小生产的平均主义泥潭。 Economic fairness and efficiency are not only economic problems, but also an important category of economic ethics. The correct relationship between economic fairness and efficiency lies in establishing a measure or a moral parameter that ensures fairness in an efficient economy. Efficiency and development of social productive forces are the material basis of economic fairness. Under the socialist market economy, efficiency must still be adhered to and the fairness first will fall into the egalitarian quagmire of small-scale production.