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花碱土(即斑状盐化土)的特征是表层含盐量高,呈灰白色不规则斑块分布,有白色盐晶和盐结硬皮。一般全盐量0.1～0.3%,pH8.0—8.5,其主要盐分的离子浓度每100克土壤中Na~+0.7—1.8毫克当量,Mg~(2+)0.2—0.6毫克当量。保墒能力低,透气性差。雨后泥泞,干时板结,严重影响作物生长。斑状盐化土广泛分布于我省豫东平原,是由于土壤深层的盐分随地下水携带至地表而形成。出现时期在土壤水分蒸发最强烈的冬春季,形成两次返盐高峰,正处于小麦冬前分叶和返青拔节期内。由于土壤溶液浓度过大,渗透势低,影响小麦根系对水分和养分
Alkaline soil (ie, spotted saline soil) is characterized by high salt content of the surface, an irregular distribution of white patches, with white salt crystals and salt crusts. Generally the total salt content of 0.1 ~ 0.3%, pH8.0-8.5, the main salt ion concentration per 100 grams of soil Na ~ + 0.7-1.8 mg equivalent, Mg ~ (2+) 0.2-0.6 mg equivalent. Low moisture capacity, poor ventilation. Muddy after rain, dry compaction, seriously affecting crop growth. Porphyry saline soil is widely distributed in the eastern part of the province of Henan Province, due to the formation of salt in the deep soil with groundwater carried to the surface. Occurrence period in the soil and water evaporation in the most intense winter and spring, the formation of twice the peak return salt, wheat is in the winter before the leaves and regrowth jointing period. Due to the soil solution concentration is too high, the osmotic potential is low, affecting wheat root to moisture and nutrients