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过去十多年来,中国大豆进口市场结构发生了显著变化,通过建立HOV模型分析了我国大豆进口市场结构的主要影响因素。结果表明:进口来源国的土地禀赋、劳动力禀赋、资本禀赋、规模经济、运输条件、我国进口市场的分散度和市场需求及第三方市场效应都是影响我国大豆进口格局的主要因素。1986~1997年与1998~2012年两个阶段的HOV模型实证结果进一步表明不同来源国间资源禀赋的相对变化是中国大豆进口市场结构变化的主要原因。
Over the past decade or so, the structure of China’s soybean import market has undergone significant changes. The HOV model has been used to analyze the major influencing factors on China’s soybean import market structure. The results show that the main factors affecting the import pattern of soybean in China are the land endowments, labor endowments, capital endowments, economies of scale, transportation conditions, the import market dispersion and market demand in our country of origin and the third-party market effect. The empirical results of HOV model from 1986 to 1997 and from 1998 to 2012 further show that the relative changes of resource endowments among different countries are the main reasons for the structural change of China’s soybean import market.