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目的了解中国中小学生闲暇时间静态活动现状,为制定干预措施提供基础资料。方法使用2010—2012年中国居民营养与健康状况监测中身体活动调查数据,采用多阶段分层与人口成比例的整群随机抽样的方法,共调查中小学生39 242名,现对其闲暇时间看电视、使用电脑、玩电子游戏、阅读、做作业等静态活动的情况进行分析。采用2009年国家统计局公布的人口数据,进行复杂抽样加权处理,计算其闲暇静态活动时间,采用均数和率来描述中小学生静态活动的时间及其分布。结果中国中小学生闲暇平均每天静态活动时间是2.92 h;城市(3.04 h)高于农村(2.81 h);男生静态活动时间(2.90 h)略低于女生(2.94 h);高中、初中和小学学生静态活动时间分别为3.45、3.06和2.60 h。平均每天闲暇静态活动时间大于2 h的学生占86.2%,城市(87.5%)高于农村(85.1%);男、女生分别为86.4%和86.0%;高中、初中和小学学生平均每天闲暇静态活动时间大于2 h的比例分别为91.1%、88.8%和82.5%。平均每天做作业时间为1.48 h,男生(1.44 h)略低于女生(1.52 h);高中、初中和小学学生平均每天做作业的时间分别为1.90、1.62和1.20 h。结论中国中小学生闲暇时间静态活动时间过长,建议学校及家庭创造支持性环境,鼓励其减少静态活动,提高其身体活动水平。
Objective To understand the status quo of the static activities of primary and secondary school students in their spare time and provide basic information for the formulation of intervention measures. Methods Using the survey data of physical activity in the monitoring of nutrition and health status of Chinese residents from 2010 to 2012, a total of 392 2 primary and secondary school students were surveyed using a randomized cluster sampling method with multi-stage stratification and population proportion. Television, using computers, playing video games, reading, doing homework and other static activities. Using the population data released by the National Bureau of Statistics in 2009, the complex sampling weighting is used to calculate the leisure time of static activities. The mean and rate are used to describe the time and distribution of static activities of primary and secondary students. Results The average daily static activity time of primary and secondary school students in China was 2.92 h, that of urban (3.04 h) was 2.81 h in rural areas, that of male students (2.90 h) was slightly lower than that of female students (2.90 h), that of high school, middle school and primary school students The static activity time was 3.45, 3.06 and 2.60 h respectively. 86.2% students in average daily leisure time more than 2 hours, 87.5% urban residents in rural areas (85.1%), 86.4% male students and 86.0% girls students in average daily leisure time in high school, middle school and primary school The proportion of time greater than 2 h was 91.1%, 88.8% and 82.5% respectively. The average working time per day was 1.48 h, while that of boys (1.44 h) was slightly lower than that of girls (1.52 h). On average, the average daily work time of high school, middle school and primary school students were 1.90, 1.62 and 1.20 h respectively. Conclusions Chinese primary and secondary school students spend too much time in their leisure time. It is suggested that schools and families should create a supportive environment and encourage them to reduce their static activities and improve their physical activity levels.