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开采矿体之后,矿体附近的围岩中的应力分布失去平衡。应力的重新分布使岩层发生移动和破碎,移动的岩层就对采矿工作面或巷道的支护产生压力。这种现象对整个采矿工作过程有很大的影响。对这种岩体力学过程的影响因素;一般可以分成二类:一种是自然的因素,如岩体的物理力学特性,矿床厚度,埋藏深度,地质构造,地质破坏等;另一种是人为的因素,如开采方法,开采厚度,支护形式,顶板管理方法,开采面积,开采速度,采区形状以及其他的采矿技术指标等等。由此可见影响的因素很多,而且互相错综的影响过程是十分复杂的。要彻底解决这个问题是有很大困难的。
After the ore body is mined, the stress distribution in the surrounding rock near the ore body is out of balance. Stress redistribution moves and fractures the rock formation, and the moving rock formations pressure the mining face or tunnel support. This phenomenon has a great impact on the entire mining process. The factors affecting the mechanical process of such rock mass can generally be divided into two types: one is natural factors, such as physical and mechanical properties of rock mass, deposit thickness, burial depth, geological structure, geological damage, etc .; the other is man-made Factors such as mining method, mining thickness, supporting form, roof management method, mining area, mining speed, mining area shape and other mining technical indicators and so on. This shows that there are many factors that affect the mutual influence of each other and the process is very complicated. It is very difficult to completely solve this problem.