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【目的】筛选蓝花楹茎腐病的内生拮抗细菌,并探讨其生物防治作用。【方法】采用稀释平板法从健康蓝花楹根茎分离内生菌株;以蓝花楹茎腐病原菌(Fusarium chlamydosporum)作为供测菌,用5点对峙法进行拮抗作用初筛、平板扩散法复筛获得拮抗菌株,经形态学和16Sr DNA序列比对,对其进行鉴定。采用温室盆栽和田间试验检测拮抗菌的生防效果。【结果】分离获得24株内生菌株,其中zhu66抑菌率达到97.8%,鉴定为解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens),Gen Bank序列登录号为JF899258。盆栽试验结果表明,解淀粉芽孢杆菌能有效预防和治疗蓝花楹茎腐病。在一定浓度下,浓度越高防效越好,以107cfu/m L浓度最佳。灭菌土防效优于自然土;生防菌先于病原菌施入防效优于生防菌与病原菌同时接种,病原菌先于生防菌接种方式防效较低。菌株能显著促进蓝花楹地径、苗高与冠幅生长,浓度越高,促生效果越好。田间试验进一步验证,蓝花楹茎腐病不同发病程度的生防效果有显著差异,无病区预防作用十分显著,不发生茎腐;重度发生区几乎没有效果,轻度发生区防效明显,防效达74.1%,中度发生区有一定效果,且随着时间延长,防效增加。【结论】解淀粉芽孢杆菌zhu66对蓝花楹茎腐病有良好的生防潜力。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to screen for endophytic antagonistic bacteria of blue-stalk gall stalk rot and explore its biological control. 【Method】 Endophytic strains were isolated from the roots of healthy blue-flowered plants using dilution plate method. Fusarium chlamydosporum was used as the test bacteria, and the antagonistic effect was determined by 5-point confrontation method. Antagonistic strains were obtained and identified by morphological and 16Sr DNA sequence alignment. The biocontrol effect of antagonistic bacteria was tested by greenhouse pot experiment and field experiment. 【Result】 Twenty four strains of endophytic bacteria were isolated. The inhibition rate of zhu66 reached 97.8%, which was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Gen Bank accession number was JF899258. Pot experiment showed that Bacillus amyloliquefaciens could effectively prevent and treat the blue-stalk rot disease. At a certain concentration, the higher the concentration, the better the anti-efficacy, with 107cfu / m L concentration best. The control effect of soil sterilization is superior to that of natural soil; the biocontrol bacteria is better than the pathogen in controlling the biocontrol bacteria and pathogens, and the pathogen is less effective than the biocontrol bacteria inoculation method. Strain can significantly promote the blue scallop diameter, seedling height and crown growth, the higher the concentration, the better the promoting effect. Field experiments further confirmed that there were significant differences in the biocontrol efficacy of different stages of disease in the blue-stalk rot. The preventive effect of the disease-free zone was very significant and stem rot did not occur. The occurrence of severe infestation was almost ineffective, Control effect of 74.1%, moderate occurrence of a certain area, and with the extension of time, increased control efficiency. 【Conclusion】 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens zhu66 has good biocontrol potential against blue stalk rot.