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六十年代初,日本的营原正已提出了蓄水容器模型(又称坦克模型TANK MODEL)的洪水预报方法,在日本发展得比较快,在世界上一些国家也得到应用.1975年世界气象组织WMO发表了一份关于各种流域模型验证比较的文献,共选取全世界有代表性的十个模型,对六个流域的资料进行调试验证,其中包括坦克模型,结果表明:各种模型各有优缺点,效果相差不大.坦克模型经国外使用,普遍认为适应性比较好,在各种流域上都能得出较好的结果.我国于八十年代初,亦开始应用该模型,由于模型结构简单,计算方便,效果较好,也得到比较广泛的应用.我们从1980年开始,对西枝江等几个流域,用坦克模型做了一些分析工作,现将情况介绍如下.
In the early 1960s, Japan’s Yingyuan has proposed flood forecasting methods for water storage tank models (also known as tank model TANK MODEL), which developed rapidly in Japan and are also used in some countries in the world. The 1975 World Meteorological Organizations WMO published a literature review on various river basin model validation comparisons. Ten representative models of the world were selected to validate the data of the six river basins, including the tank model. The results show that: There are advantages and disadvantages, the effect is not much difference.The tank model by foreign use, generally believed that the adaptability is better, in all watershed can get better results.Our country in the early eighties, also began to apply the model, due to The model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient calculation, better effect and wider application. Since 1980, some analysis work has been done on several watersheds such as Xijiang River with tank model. The introduction is as follows.