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目的分析小学生身高现状及矮小症的影响因素。方法整群抽样调查江苏省仪征市6~14岁10 000名小学生身高、体重及矮小症影响因素。有效资料9338份作为观察组,以2005年全国学生体质健康调研中江苏省各年龄段数据为对照组,分析仪征市小学生身高现状及矮小症影响因素。结果观察组中,矮小症患儿210名,患病率为2.2%。城区小学矮小症患儿患病率低于农村小学(1.3%vs.4.4%)(P<0.01)。除外6岁和9岁两个年龄段,观察组其他年龄段男生身高均低于对照组(P<0.01)。观察组各年龄段女生身高均低于对照组(P<0.01)。父身高低、出生体重低和摄入蛋类少是小学生发生矮小症的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论父身高、出生体重和摄入蛋类情况是矮小症发生的影响因素。需要关注农村小学生的成长。
Objective To analyze the status of primary school students and the influencing factors of short stature. Methods A cluster sampling survey was conducted to investigate the influential factors of height, weight and short stature among 10 000 primary school students aged 6-14 in Yizheng City, Jiangsu Province. Effective data 9338 as the observation group, 2005 national health survey of students in Jiangsu Province, the data of all age groups as a control group, analysis Yizheng Pupils height status and the factors affecting short stature. Results In observation group, 210 cases of short stature children, the prevalence was 2.2%. The prevalence of STD in urban primary school was lower than that in rural primary school (1.3% vs.4.4%) (P <0.01). Except 6 years old and 9 years old two age groups, the boys in other age groups were lower than the control group (P <0.01). The height of female students in observation group was lower than that of control group (P <0.01). Parental height, low birth weight, and small intake of eggs were risk factors for pupils’ short stature (P <0.05). Conclusions Parental height, birth weight and intake of eggs are the influencing factors of short stature. Need to pay attention to the growth of rural primary school students.