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目的分析2013—2015年舟山市市售海产品铅、镉、甲基汞污染情况。方法 2013—2015年在舟山市具有代表性的农贸市场采集海水鱼类(40种240份)、软体类(15种90份)和甲壳类(8种48份)海产品共63种1 134份,采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定铅、镉含量,采用液相-原子荧光联用法测定甲基汞含量,依据GB 2762—2012《食品中污染物限量》评价海产品的食用安全性。结果 1 134份海产品样品中,检出铅含量0.011 5~0.555 mg/kg,超标率为0.44%(5/1 134);镉含量0.000 3~0.328 mg/kg,超标率为0.26%(3/1 134);甲基汞含量ND~0.302 mg/kg,未检出超标。铅2013年和2015年超标率分别为0.79%和0.53%,2014年未检出超标样品;镉2013年超标率为0.79%,其他年份未检出;甲基汞3年均未检出超标样品。5份铅超标海产品为海水鱼类和甲壳类,样品分别为鲨鱼、雪刹鱼、剥皮鱼、对虾和红狮头,检测值分别为0.555、0.532、0.518、0.554和0.532 mg/kg(标准:≤0.5 mg/kg)。3份镉超标海产品均为海水鱼类,样品分别为炮弹鱼、橡皮鱼和鲨鱼,检测值分别为0.184、0.164和0.162 mg/kg(标准:≤0.1 mg/kg)。结论舟山市市售海产品铅、镉、甲基汞污染处于较低水平,部分甲壳类海产品铅含量和海水鱼类铅、镉含量超标,需引起重视。
Objective To analyze the pollution status of lead, cadmium and methylmercury in marine products from 2013 to 2015 in Zhoushan City. Methods A total of 63 species of marine products from 240 species of seawater (40 species), 40 species of molluscs (90 species) and 9 species of crustaceans (48 species of 48 species) were collected from 134 farmers’ markets in Zhoushan City during 2013-2015. . The contents of lead and cadmium were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. The content of methylmercury was determined by liquid-atomic fluorescence spectrometry. The food safety of seafood was evaluated according to GB 2762-2012 “Limit of Contaminated Foods in Food”. Results The lead content was found to be 0.011 5-0.555 mg / kg in 1 134 samples of marine products. The exceeding standard rate was 0.44% (5/1 134), the content of cadmium was 0.000 3-0 0.328 mg / kg, and the exceeding standard rate was 0.26% (3 / 1 134); Methyl mercury content ND ~ 0.302 mg / kg, not detected exceeded. The over-standard rates of lead in 2013 and 2015 were 0.79% and 0.53% respectively. No over-standard samples were detected in 2014; the over-standard rate of cadmium in cadmium was 0.79% in 2013 and was not detected in other years; the over-standard samples of methylmercury . Five samples of marine lead exceeding the standard were marine fish and crustaceans. The samples were shark, snow brake fish, skinned fish, shrimp and red lionhead respectively. The measured values were 0.555, 0.532, 0.518, 0.554 and 0.532 mg / kg respectively : ≤0.5 mg / kg). Three samples of cadmium exceeding the standard seafood were marine fish samples were shellfish, rubber skin and shark, the test values were 0.184,0.164 and 0.162 mg / kg (standard: ≤ 0.1 mg / kg). Conclusion The pollution of lead, cadmium and methylmercury in marine products in Zhoushan City is at a low level. Lead content in some crustacean seafood and lead and cadmium content in marine fish exceed the standard, which needs attention.