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目的了解新乡地区无偿献血者抗-HIV感染情况,为制定无偿献血招募、检测方案提供科学依据。方法对2010-2014年新乡地区无偿献血者抗-HIV初筛及确认试验结果进行回顾性统计分析。结果 2010-2014年新乡地区无偿献血者抗-HIV初筛阳性率为0.11%,确认阳性率0.009%,年度间HIV感染率呈逐年上升趋势(χ2=11.77,P<0.05)。在已确认的23份标本中,男性20例,女性3例,年龄以19~40岁的青壮年为主,均为性传播,4例为男男同性传播。23例确证阳性者均为抗HIV-1型感染,HIV-1抗体特异带型gp160、gp120、gp41、p66、p24、p17均100%出现;其次是p51和p31,出现率均约为95.65%(22/23);单带p55出现率最低,为43.5%(10/23)。结论新乡地区无偿献血者HIV感染率近2年显著升高,为了保证临床输血安全,我们应加强无偿献血、用血和艾滋病防治相关知识及保密性弃血工作的宣传,有针对性地制定无偿献血招募、检测方案,尽早实施核酸检测,降低输血残余风险,最大限度地确保血液安全。
Objective To understand the anti-HIV infection status of unpaid blood donors in Xinxiang area and provide a scientific basis for developing voluntary blood donation and testing programs. Methods Retrospective statistical analysis of anti-HIV screening and confirmatory test results in 2010-2014 unpaid blood donors in Xinxiang area. Results In 2010-2014, the positive rate of anti-HIV screening in unpaid blood donors in Xinxiang was 0.11%, and the positive rate was 0.009%. The HIV infection rate showed an increasing trend year by year (χ2 = 11.77, P <0.05). Of the 23 confirmed specimens, 20 were males and 3 were females. The young adults aged 19 to 40 years were predominantly sexually transmitted and 4 were sexually transmitted by men. The positive rate of HIV-1 was all 100% in gp160, gp120, gp41, p66, p24 and p17 of HIV-1 positive samples, followed by p51 and p31, all of which were about 95.65% (22/23); the lowest incidence of single p55 was 43.5% (10/23). Conclusion In recent 2 years, the HIV infection rate of unpaid blood donors in Xinxiang has risen significantly. In order to ensure the safety of clinical transfusion, we should step up publicity of blood donation, knowledge about blood and AIDS prevention and confiscation of blood, Blood donation, testing programs, early detection of nucleic acids to reduce the residual risk of transfusion, to ensure maximum blood safety.