论文部分内容阅读
我国青年乳腺癌较欧美国家常见,与中老年患者相比,青年乳腺癌侵袭性较强,预后较差。由于常规钼靶检查的假阴性率较高,可联合超声、MRI以及活检等以早期诊断。保乳治疗后的局部复发率较高,需合理选择适合保乳人群;术后应接受规范的化疗、内分泌等全身治疗。对于激素受体阳性患者,三苯氧胺是标准治疗,联合卵巢去势可进一步提高疗效。妊娠期乳腺癌的预后与同龄患者相似,可使用以蒽环类药物为基础的联合化疗方案治疗,但应避免使用烷化剂。
China’s youth breast cancer is more common in Europe and the United States than in middle-aged and elderly patients, young breast cancer aggressive, poor prognosis. Due to the high false-negative rate of conventional mammography, ultrasonography, MRI and biopsy can be combined for early diagnosis. After breast-conserving treatment, the local recurrence rate is higher, so it is necessary to select a reasonable breast-conserving treatment group. Patients should receive standard systemic chemotherapy and endocrine treatment after operation. For hormone receptor-positive patients, tamoxifen is the standard treatment, combined with ovarian castration can further improve the efficacy. The prognosis of gestational breast cancer is similar to that of patients of the same age and can be treated with anthracycline-based combination chemotherapy, but alkylating agents should be avoided.