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目的了解东莞市不同人群艾滋病相关知识及其影响因素,为制定有针对性的干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用整群分层抽样和方便抽样相结合的方法,对东莞市工厂工人、学生、村民3类人群进行调查。调查内容包括人群特征、基本情况及艾滋病相关知识。采用单因素和多因素非条件回归方法分析其知识知晓率的影响因素。结果共调查2 880人,其中男性1 385人,女性1 495人。工人、学生、村民平均年龄分别为(27.51±6.70)(16.16±0.97)、(35.46±10.54)岁。学历以初中及高中/中专为主,分别占35.42%(1 020/2 880)、42.19%(1 215/2 880)。本次调查对象艾滋病防治知识总体知晓率为91.77%(2 643/2 880),其中工人、学生、村民3类人群的艾滋病知识知晓率分别为:94.92%(915/964)、91.88%(883/961)和88.48%(845/955)。多因素非条件lo-gistic回归分析结果显示,沿海片(OR=0.50)、30～39岁(OR=0.61)、在婚(OR=0.39)、大专或以上学历(OR=0.21)的艾滋病知识水平较高,丘陵片/水乡片(OR=1.95、2.23)、学生/村民(OR=1.65、2.43)、年龄≥40岁(OR=1.31)的艾滋病知识水平偏低。结论东莞市人群艾滋病知识水平较高,艾滋病知识宣传教育效果显著,但仍需加强水乡/丘陵片、低年龄段、低文化程度、未婚/同居者及高年龄段(≥40岁)者的艾滋病知识的宣传教育,提高其艾滋病知识知晓率。
Objective To understand the AIDS-related knowledge and its influencing factors among different population groups in Dongguan and provide a scientific basis for the development of targeted interventions. Methods A cluster sampling method and a convenient sampling method were used to investigate three groups of factory workers, students and villagers in Dongguan City. The survey includes the characteristics of the population, the basic situation and AIDS-related knowledge. Univariate and multivariate non-conditional regression analysis of factors affecting knowledge awareness. A total of 2,880 people were surveyed, of whom 1 385 were male and 1 495 were women. The average age of workers, students and villagers were (27.51 ± 6.70) (16.16 ± 0.97) and (35.46 ± 10.54) years respectively. Academic qualifications were mainly junior secondary and senior high school / secondary school, accounting for 35.42% (1 020/2 880) and 42.19% (1 215/2 880) respectively. The overall awareness rate of HIV / AIDS knowledge among respondents was 91.77% (2 643/2 880). Among them, the awareness rate of AIDS among workers, students and villagers was 94.92% (915/964) and 91.88% (883 / 961) and 88.48% (845/955). The results of multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that AIDS knowledge of marital (OR = 0.50), 30-39 (OR = 0.61), married (OR = 0.39), college education (OR = 1.95, 2.23), students / villagers (OR = 1.65, 2.43), and HIV / AIDS patients aged 40 or older (OR = 1.31) had lower level of knowledge. Conclusion There is a high level of HIV / AIDS knowledge in the population of Dongguan City and a significant effect of HIV / AIDS awareness education. However, HIV / AIDS needs to be strengthened in water areas / hilly areas, low age groups, low education level, unmarried / cohabitants and people of high age (≥40 years old) Publicity and education of knowledge and awareness of HIV / AIDS.