The effects of the test substances on central nervous system (CNS) were evaluated via functional observational battery (FOB).The FOB mainly includes observations in home cage, on chair and open field, and physiological measurement.The FOB evaluation in non-human primates is validated at Safety Pharmacology Department, Pharmaron (Beijing) TSP Services.In cynomolgus monkeys, ketamine induced low arousal, decreased locomotor activity, slow respiration, uncoordinated movement, loss of proprioception, and dysmetria.Amphetamine induced high arousal, increased locomotor activity, and induced positive Babinski reflex.These observed neurobehavioral effects evaluated via FOB are consistent and/or comparable to the results reported in the literature.In conclusion, the FOB assessment for potential neurotoxicity in non-human primates is validated at Safety Pharmacology Department, Pharmaron TSP Services.The method described in the study could be utilized for both toxicological and safety risk assessments for regulatory submissions.