水稻叶色突变体是研究植物光合作用、叶绿素代谢和叶绿体发育的重要材料。本研究从籼稻品种蜀恢527经EMS(甲基磺酸乙酯)诱变处理后代中筛选出一个淡黄叶矮化突变体Yellow leaf and dwarf(yld)。与野生型蜀恢527相比,该突变体全生育期都表现出淡黄叶矮化性状,其剑叶的淡黄色表型最为明显,倒二叶次之,倒三叶最弱,其中剑叶的叶绿素及类胡萝卜素含量降低最为明显;并且伴随着穗粒数、千粒重、结实率、株高等主要农艺性状的显著降低,但有效穗显著增多。透射电镜观察结果显示,与野生型相比,该突变体多数叶绿体结构基本完整,但基粒模糊,基质片层大量减少且排列疏松。遗传分析表明,该突变性状受一对隐性核基因控制。在yld突变体与粳稻武运粳7号杂交的F2群体中分离出323个突变单株,最终将YLD基因定位在第11染色体的L5和L7两标记之间,物理距离为115.7 kb。本研究为YLD基因的克隆和功能分析奠定了基础。 Rice leaf color mutant is an important material to study plant photosynthesis, chlorophyll metabolism and chloroplast development. In this study, Yellow leaf and dwarf (yld), a yellowish dwarf mutant, was screened from the indica rice variety Shuhui 527 by EMS (methyl methanesulfonate) mutagenesis. Compared with the wild type Shuhui 527, the mutant showed yellowish dwarf characters during the whole growth period, the yellowish phenotype of the flag leaf was the most obvious, followed by the second leaf and the third leaf were the weakest, The content of chlorophyll and carotenoid in the leaves decreased most obviously. And accompanied with the significant decrease of the main agronomic traits such as the number of grains per spike, 1000-grain weight, seed setting rate and plant height, the effective spikes increased significantly. The results of TEM showed that the chloroplast structure of most of the mutants was basically intact compared with the wild type, but the basal grains were blurred and the matrix lamellae were reduced and loosely arranged. Genetic analysis showed that the mutant trait was controlled by a pair of recessive nuclear genes. A total of 323 mutant individuals were isolated from the F2 population of yld mutant and japonica rice Wuyunjing 7. The YLD gene was finally located between two L5 and L7 markers on chromosome 11 with a distance of 115.7 kb. This study laid the foundation for the cloning and functional analysis of YLD gene.