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应用复合个体-距离法分析了鄂尔多斯草地退化过程中多种群和优势种个体分布格局,应用统计方法分析了土壤有机碳和氮元素的异质化过程。结果表明:在鄂尔多斯草地退化过程中,多种群和优势种个体分布格局大多表现出不同尺度下的随机分布和聚集分布,但多种群的个体分布格局在本氏针茅(Stipa bungeana)+油蒿(Artemisia ordosica)群落中出现均匀分布;优势种油蒿和牛心朴子(Cynanchum komarovii)在油蒿+牛心朴子群落中均出现了均匀分布。土壤元素在单一优势种群落中存在不同程度的异质性,油蒿群落中异质化程度最强;在共优势种本氏针茅+油蒿群落中,出现了土壤元素相对均质化,油蒿+牛心朴子群落中,异质化程度相对减弱。由于对土壤水分和养分的竞争,使共优势种群落出现植物的均匀分布,土壤元素相对均质化。土壤元素先后异质化过程首先表现为土壤有机质的异质化过程,然后才表现为土壤氮的异质化过程。土壤元素先后异质化过程表明异质化过程首先表现为植被异质化,植被的异质化导致土壤某些元素的异质化。
The individual distribution pattern of multi-species and dominant species in grassland degradation in Erdos was analyzed by using compound individual-distance method. The heterogeneity of soil organic carbon and nitrogen element was analyzed by statistical method. The results showed that in the process of grassland degradation in Erdos, the individual distribution patterns of multiple populations and dominant species showed random distribution and aggregation distribution at different scales, but the individual distribution patterns of multiple populations varied between Stipa bungeana + Artemisia ordosica Artemisia ordosica. The dominant species, Artemisia ordosica and Cynanchum komarovii, were evenly distributed in the Artemisia ordosica community. Soil elements had heterogeneity heterogeneity in single dominant species community, and the degree of heterogeneity was highest in Artemisia ordosica community. In the dominant species of Stipa bungeana + Artemisia ordosica community, the relative homogenization of soil elements appeared, Artemisia ordosica + Radix Astragali community, the degree of heterogeneity is relatively weakened. Due to the competition of soil moisture and nutrients, the common dominant species appear uniform distribution of plants, soil elements are relatively homogeneous. Heterogeneity of soil elements followed first by the heterogeneity of soil organic matter, and then by the heterogeneity of soil nitrogen. Heterogeneity of soil elements successively indicates that the heterogeneity process first appears as vegetation heterogeneity, and heterogeneity of vegetation leads to the heterogeneity of some soil elements.