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采用盆栽方法,以清洁土壤为对照,研究了盐碱胁迫下不同生物有机肥施用量(0%、2%、4%和8%)对向日葵种子发芽率和出苗率、幼苗生长及生理指标的影响。结果表明:与对照相比,盐碱胁迫(T0)7～28d后,向日葵种子的发芽率及出苗率明显降低,种子出苗时间推迟了3d,幼苗株高、根长、地上部分及根系鲜重、叶片中叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白质含量均显著降低(P<0.05),而且幼苗根系对盐碱胁迫的敏感性明显大于地上部;与T0处理相比,生物有机肥施用量分别为2%(T1)、4%(T2)及8%(T3)时,向日葵种子的出苗率分别提高了56.4%(P<0.05)、64.3%(P<0.05)及85.7%(P<0.05),出苗时间提早了2～3d,盐碱胁迫处理7d后,T1、T2和T3处理组幼苗的生长明显增强,叶片中叶绿素含量分别提高了24.4%(P<0.05)、27.2%(P<0.05)和33.2%(P<0.05),可溶性蛋白质含量分别增加了34.4%(P<0.05)、43.6%(P<0.05)和48.8%(P<0.05);随着处理时间的延长,T1、T2和T3处理对幼苗生长及生理指标的抑制作用均表现出不同程度的降低。综上可知,盐碱胁迫条件下,施用2%～8%的生物有机肥可以明显减轻盐碱胁迫对向日葵种子出苗、幼苗生长及生理指标的抑制作用。
Pot experiments were conducted to compare the effects of different organic manure application rates (0%, 2%, 4% and 8%) on the germination rate, seedling emergence rate, seedling growth and physiological index of sunflower under salt and alkali stress conditions. influences. The results showed that compared with the control, the germination rate and the emergence rate of sunflower seeds decreased significantly after 7 ~ 28 days of salt-alkali stress (T0), the emergence time of seeds was postponed for 3d days, and the plant height, root length, aboveground part and root fresh weight , Leaf chlorophyll content and soluble protein content were significantly decreased (P <0.05), and the seedling root sensitivity to saline-alkali stress was significantly greater than the aerial part; compared with the T0 treatment, the application of bio-organic fertilizer were 2% The emergence rate of sunflower seeds increased 56.4% (P <0.05), 64.3% (P <0.05) and 85.7% (P <0.05), respectively After 2 ~ 3d and saline-alkali stress treatments for 7 days, the growth of T1, T2 and T3 treatments significantly increased the chlorophyll content by 24.4% (P <0.05), 27.2% (P <0.05) and 33.2% (P <0.05), soluble protein content increased 34.4% (P <0.05), 43.6% (P <0.05) and 48.8% (P <0.05) respectively. With the prolongation of treatment time, Seedling growth and physiological indicators of inhibition showed varying degrees of reduction. In summary, under the condition of saline-alkali stress, the application of 2% -8% bio-organic fertilizer can obviously reduce the inhibitory effect of saline-alkali stress on the seedling emergence, seedling growth and physiological index of sunflower seedlings.