目的　探讨儿童肾移植手术技巧及术后免疫抑制剂的应用特点 ,提高人 /肾存活率。　方法　分析 2 6例儿童肾移植患者的手术、免疫抑制剂使用和长期存活情况等临床资料。　结果　移植肾功能延迟恢复 2例 ,急性排斥反应 (AR) 11例 ,慢性排斥反应 10例 ,1例肾移植 2周后发生复发性肾炎 ,病理显示为局灶性节段性肾小球硬化 ,治疗后肾功能尚可维持 ;1、3、5年人 /肾存活率分别为96% / 88% ,92 % / 73 %和 88% / 62 % ,总死亡率 12 %。　结论　良好的组织配型、适宜的手术方法、AR早诊断和恰当的血药浓度是保证儿童肾移植成功的关键 Objective To explore the application characteristics of postoperative immunosuppressive techniques and kidney transplantation in children and to improve the human / kidney survival rate. Methods Clinical data of 26 cases of children with renal transplantation undergoing surgery, immunosuppressive agents and long-term survival were analyzed. Results Delayed graft function recovered in 2 cases, 11 cases of acute rejection (AR), 10 cases of chronic rejection, 1 case of recurrent nephritis after 2 weeks of renal transplantation, the pathology showed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, Renal function was still maintained after treatment. The one-year, three-year and five-year survival rates were 96% / 88%, 92% / 73% and 88% / 62% respectively, with a total mortality of 12%. Conclusion Good tissue matching, appropriate surgical methods, early diagnosis of AR and proper blood concentration are the keys to ensure the success of children’s kidney transplantation