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手足口病是一种季节性、自限性并具有高度传染性的发疹性疾病,主要由柯萨奇病毒A16型或肠道病毒(EV)7l型感染引起。EV71具有高度嗜神经性,可通过病毒直接损伤、免疫损伤、干扰影响神经细胞功能的酶活性途径损伤神经系统,损伤部位多位于脑干;EV71感染后也可对机体的免疫系统功能造成一定影响。手足口病目前临床尚无特异性治疗方法和特异性抗病毒药物,研制疫苗是控制EV71流行最有效的策略,目前主要的疫苗研究包括灭活疫苗、减毒活疫苗、病毒样颗粒疫苗、亚单位疫苗、DNA疫苗等。
Hand, foot and mouth disease is a seasonal, self-limiting and highly contagious eruptive disease mainly caused by coxsackievirus A16 or enterovirus 71 (EV) infection. EV71 has a high degree of neuropsychosis and can injure the nervous system through direct viral damage, immune damage and interference with the enzymatic activity pathway that affects the function of nerve cells. The site of injury is mostly located in the brain stem. EV71 infection may also affect the immune system function of the body . Foot and mouth disease is currently no specific clinical treatment and specific antiviral drugs, the development of vaccines to control the EV71 epidemic is the most effective strategy, the current vaccine research, including inactivated vaccine, live attenuated vaccine, virus-like particle vaccine, Unit vaccines, DNA vaccines and the like.