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近几年,光纤在降低损耗、增大带宽等方面取得了显著进展,加上光纤具有直径细、绝缘性好、无电磁感应等特点,在测量和控制等装置中,作为信息传输媒体及传感器的应用引起各国科学家的重视,认识到机能型光纤和传感器的应用潜力,正在加速其研究和开发。利用非光纤传感器件并以光纤作为传输线路的“光纤传输型传感器”,大多采用制造和应用技术都已成熟的发光二极管、多模光纤、微光无源器件的强度调制型。因此,传感装置的性能主要取决于光传感器件的材料特性和结构。这种方式的光纤传感器,如光纤电压计、电流计、温度计、速度计等已经实用,目前的主要课题是降低制造成本和积累现场资料等。
In recent years, optical fiber has made remarkable progress in reducing the loss and increasing the bandwidth. In addition, the optical fiber has the characteristics of small diameter, good insulation and no electromagnetic induction. In the measurement and control devices, the optical fiber is used as an information transmission medium and a sensor Has drawn the attention of scientists from all over the world and realized that the application potential of functional optical fiber and sensor is accelerating its research and development. The “optical fiber transmission type sensor” using non-optical fiber sensing devices and using optical fibers as the transmission lines mostly adopts the intensity modulation type of light emitting diodes, multimode optical fibers and low light passive devices which have mature manufacturing and application technologies. Therefore, the performance of the sensing device depends mainly on the material properties and structure of the optical sensing device. Fiber optic sensors of this type, such as fiber optic voltmeters, ammeters, thermometers, speedometers and the like, have become practical and the current major topics are to reduce manufacturing costs and accumulate field data.