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目的分析福建省第5次结核病流行病学抽样调查结果,为改进结防工作质量提供依据。方法按照全国统一调查方法与标准,对5个流调点≥15岁居民进行症状调查、摄胸片和肺结核知晓率调查;对可疑患者行痰涂片、痰培养和社会经济情况问卷调查。结果共调查7 020人,受检率95.9%。活动性肺结核患病率427.35/10万;涂阳患病率142.45/10万;菌阳患病率156.70/10万。患者家庭人均年纯收入低于当地农村居民。防治知识知晓率为63.1%,农村(58.5%)低于城镇(82.4%)。结论福建农村肺结核患病情况仍较严重,乡村卫生院(所)仍是发现病人的重点。各级政府必须持续增加经费投入,切实减轻患者负担,开展健康促进活动,提高防治知识知晓率。
Objective To analyze the results of the fifth epidemiological survey of tuberculosis in Fujian Province and provide basis for improving the quality of the work of preventing and treating tuberculosis. Methods According to the unified methods and standards of the nationwide investigation, the survey of 5 lung cancer residents aged 15 and above was conducted, and the awareness rate of chest X-ray and pulmonary tuberculosis were surveyed. Questionnaire investigation on sputum smear, sputum culture and socioeconomic status of suspected patients was conducted. Results A total of 7 020 people surveyed, the rate of 95.9%. The prevalence of active tuberculosis was 427.35 / 100 000; the prevalence of smear-positive was 142.45 / 100 000; the prevalence of bacilli was 156.70 / 100 000. The annual per capita net income of patients in the family is lower than that of the local rural residents. Knowledge on prevention and control was 63.1%, while in rural areas (58.5%) was lower than that in urban areas (82.4%). Conclusion The prevalence of tuberculosis in rural areas of Fujian Province is still serious. The rural hospitals are still the focus of the patients’ discoveries. Governments at all levels must continue to increase funding, effectively reduce the burden on patients, carry out health promotion activities and raise awareness of prevention and treatment.