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土地租佃是佃农生存之本,也是地主获得土地资产性收益的重要方式。欠租撤佃这项租佃习俗大量见诸民国佃约,并受到了民国民法和土地法的充分肯定。欠租是否必然导致地主撤佃、撤佃后可否追租、欠租是否可以撤永佃、不欠租时地主可否撤佃等等,在民国法律、地方佃俗和租佃实践中差异甚大,体现出了在地主撤佃权之规范上国法的审慎和佃俗的宽容。呈现在欠租与撤佃关系复杂性之背后的是业佃间的利益博弈以及业佃双方的理性和无奈。
Land tenancy is the root of the tenant’s survival and an important way for the landowner to obtain the capital gains from land. Tenancy tenancy owed rent a large number of tenant custom seen in the Republic of China tenancy contract, and by the Republic of China civil law and land law fully affirmed. Whether the rent arrears will inevitably lead to landowners’ withdrawal of tenancy, the possibility of rent-back after the withdrawal of tenancy, whether rent-rent can be withdrawn from tenancy, whether the landowners can not withdraw their tenancy when they owe rent, and so on, are very different in the laws of the Republic of China, local tenancy and tenancy practice, Reflecting the cautiousness of the Chinese law and the tolerance of tenant customs in the norms of the landlord’s right of tenure. Behind the complexity of the relationship between rent underday and withdrawal is the game of interests between industries and tenants and the rationality and helplessness of both sides.