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目的 :了解长沙地区急性下呼吸道感染(ALRTI)住院儿童中常见呼吸道病毒的流行特点,为本地区儿童ALRTI的防治提供依据。方法 :收集2013年4月~2014年3月诊断为ALRTI的住院患儿鼻咽抽吸物(NPA)标本603份,采用实时荧光PCR方法检测呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、鼻病毒(HRV)、流感病毒A(IFVA)、流感病毒B(IFVB)、副流感病1-4(PIV1-4)、人偏肺病毒(h MPV)、肠道病毒(EV)、冠状病毒HKU1(HCo V-HKU1)、冠状病毒NL63(HCo V-NL63)、腺病毒(ADV)及人博卡病毒(HBo V),结合临床资料进行统计分析。结果 :603份标本中有527份检出病毒,总检出率87.4%,RSV检出率居首位为42.6%,其次HRV为25.4%、HBo V为17.7%、PIV3为15.4%,ADV为14.76%。病毒总检出率在男女之间差异无统计学意义;病毒阳性检出率在各年龄段之间差异有统计学意义,以6个月至1岁以内年龄段检出率最高。病毒总检出率季节分布差异有统计学意义,以冬季检出率最高。结论:病毒病原在长沙地区儿童ALRTI中占重要地位,其中RSV、HRV、HBo V、PIV3、ADV是常见病毒病原,易感人群以低年龄段儿童为主,冬春季为高发季节。
Objective: To understand the prevalence of common respiratory viruses in hospitalized children with acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRTI) in Changsha and to provide basis for the prevention and treatment of ALRTI in children in this area. Methods: 603 nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPA) samples from hospitalized children with ALRTI diagnosed from April 2013 to March 2014 were collected. Real-time fluorescence PCR was used to detect respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), rhinovirus (HRV) , Influenza virus A (IFVA), influenza virus B (IFVB), parainfluenza 1-4 (PIV 1-4), human metapneumovirus (h MPV), enterovirus (EV), coronavirus HKU1 (HCo V- HKU1), coronavirus NL63 (HCo V-NL63), adenovirus (ADV) and human Bocavirus (HBo V). Statistical analysis was performed based on clinical data. Results: 527 out of 603 samples were detected, with a total detection rate of 87.4%. RSV detection rate was 42.6%, HRV was 25.4%, HBo V was 17.7%, PIV3 was 15.4%, ADV was 14.76%. The overall detection rate of the virus was not significantly different between men and women. The positive detection rate of the virus was statistically significant among all age groups, with the highest detection rate in the age range of 6 months to 1 year. The seasonal distribution of the total virus detection rate was statistically significant, with the highest detection rate in winter. Conclusions: The viral pathogens play an important role in the ALRTI of children in Changsha. Among them, RSV, HRV, HBoV, PIV3 and ADV are the common viral pathogens. Susceptible population is mainly children in low age group, and winter and spring are the high incidence season.